The Convention on Children’s Rights, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1989 is an international document in the sphere of civil rights, and it was ratified by the majority of countries. This document stipulates that besides other things, children have the right for life, medical aid and education through providing them with vitally important commodities and services. Also the necessity is stated to protect children from exploitation, cruelty and violence. This publication consists of the report made by the Head of the Russian Delegation – the third periodic report of a country-member at the 40th session of the Committee on Children’s Rights which was held in September 2005 in Geneva. Also there are final commentaries made by the Committee after the report had been made.